Title: Solve with Circuits

[Image: Head with Battery]

Solve with Circuits

Understanding Equal Groups

Multiplication is used when objects are arranged in equal groups.

Understanding Equal Groups

When each group has the same number of items, Multiplication helps find the total.

Let's Multiply!

Each circuit has 3 LEDs.
We built 2 circuits.

3 LEDs

3 LEDs

[Image: Circuits]

The LEDs are arranged in equal groups.

Let's Multiply!

How many LEDs are used?

3 LEDs x 2 circuits = 6 LEDs

3 x 2 = 6

The LEDs are arranged in equal groups.

Commutative Property

The factors can be written in any order.

3 x 2 = 6

2 x 3 = 6

factor

factor

product

Understanding Fair Sharing

Division is used to share equally.

Understanding Fair Sharing

It begins with the total, then the total is split into equal groups.

Let's Divide!

There are 6 LEDs and 2 circuits.

Share the LEDs evenly.

[Image: Circuits]

Let's Divide!

How many LEDs each circuit receives?

6 LEDs ÷ 2 circuits = 3 LEDs

6 ÷ 2 = 3

Each circuit receives 3 LEDs.

Parts of Division

6 ÷ 2 = 3

dividend

divisor

quotient

Parts of a Whole

A fraction shows part of a whole. The whole must remain the same.

[Image: Fractions]

Fraction!

There are 6 LEDs in total.

6 LEDs make 1 whole.

[Image: Fraction]

Series circuit uses
2 out of 6 LEDs.

[Image: Leds]

[Image: fraction example]

Parallel circuit uses

4 out of 6 LEDs.

[Image: Leds]

[Image: Parallel Curcuit]

Comparing Fractions

Before we compare fractions, we must know the whole. If there are 6 LEDs total, then 6 LEDs = one whole.

[Image: Fraction Image]

Comparing Fractions

- Greater part – uses more of the whole
- Smaller part – uses less of the whole
- Equal part – uses the same amount

[Image: Greater Than]

The parallel circuit uses the greater part of the whole.

[Image: Greater Than]

The series circuit uses the smaller part of the whole.

Understanding Voltage

Voltage shows the strength of electrical power. We can check voltage using a multimeter.

[Image: Light Bulbs]

Voltage

If each battery provides 3 volts. Since they are equal, let's use multiplication.

[Image: 2 3V Batteries]

Voltage

3 volts × 2 batteries = 6 volts

3v x 2 = 6v

The total voltage increases when batteries are added.

Understanding Voltage

If we know the total voltage, we can also use division to find how many volts each battery provides.

[Image: Light Bulbs]

Voltage

6 volts ÷   2 batteries = 6 volts

6v ÷ 2 = 3v

Each battery provides 3 volts.